IT (Information Technology) Khatam Institute of higher Education Session # 2 Course Description (Continued..) Contents: Foundation of Information Technology (IT) (1 session) A Look Toward the Future of Information Technology Information Management and IT Architecture (2 sessions) (2 sessions)
Networks, Collaboration, and Sustainability (2 sessions) E-Business & E-Commerce Models and Strategies (4 sessions) Functional Area and Compliance Systems Enterprise Systems and Applications (4 sessions) (6 sessions) Business Process and Project Management (5 sessions) Logestics and Information Technology (8 sessions)
Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #2 2 The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #2 3 The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) Using technology to transform the organization We are living in revolutionary times, a revolution brought on by dramatic advances in information
technology. If the steam engine, a new form of power, and mechanization created an Industrial Revolution over 150 years ago, computers and communications equipment have produced a Technology Revolution in the last half of the twentieth century. Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #2 4 Homework IT:I:01 Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3
5 The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) Information Technology (IT) in perspective Is there value in IT? In deciding whether to make an investment, companies frequently compute the Net Present Value (NPV) of a proposal, using an interest rate that represents a minimum acceptable return for the firm. Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 6 Homework IT:I:02
Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 7 The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) Information Technology (IT) in perspective Investment Opportunities Matrix Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 8 The role of managers in Information Technology (IT)
Information Technology (IT) in perspective Investment Opportunities Matrix Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 9 The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) Information Technology (IT) in perspective Investment Opportunities Matrix Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 10
The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) HW#03 There are information systems all around us. We encounter them at the university, in stores and banks, when making airline, hotel, or rental-car reservations, and in many other aspects of our daily routine. For this project, choose an information system and critique it. First, describe the system: What are its objectives? Who are the users? What is the underlying technology including computers, databases, and communications network? Trace the input of the system to determine who inputs what information. Look at the output of the system. Is it a physical document? Often, systems have to store data on a more or less permanent basis in files or in a database. Can you figure out what is in the database for your system? Draw a diagram of the input, processing, database, and outputs of your system. What are the major strengths of the system? Do you see any problems with it? What can you suggest to improve the system? The Home work should be sent to [email protected] till Monday, 20th of Mehr (Oct, 12th ,2013)
Email subject: HW03:studentnumber Khatam Institute of higher Education CIS (21774), Session #2 11 Course Contents The role of managers in Information Technology (IT) (3 sessions) Using technology to transform the organization Interpreting and understanding Information
Information Technology (IT) in perspective Frameworks for Information Technology The Basics of Information Systems Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 12 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Organizational Structure and Design There are many factors that influence the structure and design of modern organizations. Uncertainty Specialization Coordination
Interdependence Pooled interdependence Sequential interdependence Reciprocal interdependence Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 13 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Organizational flexibility A flexible organization defends quickly against threats and moves rapidly to take advantage of opportunities. Flexibility provides the organization with the ability to adapt to change and respond quickly to market forces and uncertainty in its environment.
In general, technology speeds up the pace of work and increases the capacity of the organization to process information Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 14 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Organizational flexibility Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 15
Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Creating new types of organizations Information Technology makes it possible to create new forms of organizations through the use of different design variables. Structural Virtual components, Linking mechanisms, Electronic linking, Technological leveling Work Process Production automation, Electronic workflows, Virtual components Communications Electronic communications, Technological matrixing Inter-organizational relations Electronic customer/ supplier relationships, Electronic linking Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3
16 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Creating new types of organizations Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 17 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Creating new types of organizations
Technology makes it possible to create new forms of organizations through the use of different design variables. Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 18 The impact of Inform ation Techn ology Org on the aniz
organiatio zation nal CreaIssu ting es new type s of orga nizat ions Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 19 Organizational Issues
The impact of Information Technology on the organization Creating new types of organizations Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 20 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Building a T-form organization The pure T-Form organization operates with the assumptions about people found in the virtual and negotiated agreement organizations, where managers base supervision on trust in employees and their self-control. The T-Form organization is a generic model for a technologically enabled organization. The same IT design variables can be used in a variety of ways to create very different types
of organizations, all of which have some of the characteristics of the T-Form. Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 21 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Creating new types of organizations Technology makes it possible to create new forms of organizations through the use of different design variables. Structural Virtual components, Linking mechanisms, Electronic linking, Technological leveling Work Process Production automation, Electronic workflows, Virtual components
Communications Electronic communications, Technological matrixing Inter-organizational relations Electronic customer/ supplier relationships, Electronic linking Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 22 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Building a T-form organization (Case study) Frito-Lay is a major producer of snack foods like Fritos Corn Chips. The company invested heavily in hand-held computers for its drivers and a satellite communications network to transmit
transactions data to headquarters. The firm developed a data warehouse and provided decisionsupport tools for district managers to use in planning their operations Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 23 The impact of Inform ation Techn ology Org on the aniz
organiatio zation nal Buil Issu dinges a Tform orga nizat ion Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 24 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization
Building a T-form organization (Case study) Mrs. Fields Cookies developed elaborate in-store systems to guide its store managers in all aspects of the business The company uses e-mail and voice mail to communicate with the store manager. It also has a very flat control structure with store controllers at headquarters closely monitoring sales results for each retail store Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 25 The impact
of Inform ation Techn ology Org on the aniz organiatio zation nal Buil Issu dinges a Tform orga nizat ion Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3
26 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Building a T-form organization (Case study) VeriFone is a company that manufacturers devices to verify credit card payments and is active in offering electronic commerce solutions on the Internet. The firm views itself as a global corporation. The chairman compares it to a "blueberry pancake where all the blueberries (locations) are equal" . Verifone uses technology extensively for communications and coordination in the firm Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3
27 The impact of Inform ation Techn ology Org on the aniz organiatio zation nal Buil Issu dinges a Tform
orga nizat ion Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 28 Organizational Issues The impact of Information Technology on the organization Building a T-form organization (Case study) Oticon is a Danish manufacturer of hearing aids that underwent a major restructuring when it lost considerable market share. The chairman created a "spaghetti organization" in
which an executive committee agrees on tasks that the firm must complete and assigns them to a team leader. The leader must put together a team to complete the task; technology facilitates the work of these virtual teams. Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 29 The impact of Inform ation Techn ology Org
on the aniz organiatio zation nal Buil Issu dinges a Tform orga nizat ion Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3 30 The impact
of Inform ation Techn ology Org on the aniz organiatio zation nal Buil Issu dinges a Tform orga nizat ion Khatam Institute of higher Education IT (Information Technology), Session #3
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