Central Nervous System Anatomy Lesson 6 Functional Anatomy: CNS Major Divisions Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain
Know structure name, location & general function Major fiber systems CNS vs PNS terminology nucleus vs. ganglion tracts vs. nerves ~ Telencephalon - Cortex
Gray Matter Somas and Dendrites (neuron cell bodies) Organized in layers some input, some output Neocortex
6 layers ~ Telencephalon - Fiber Systems White Matter - myelinated axons 3 types of fiber systems Commissural Association
Projection ~ Commissural Fibers Interconnect homologous structures in the two hemispheres Corpus Callosum Anterior and Posterior Hippocampal ~
Anterior Anterior Forebrain Fibers Systems Association Fibers
interconnect cortical areas within each hemisphere Projection Fibers all other *CNS fiber systems Fornix Corticospinal tract Mammillothalamic tract Naming convention ~
Hemispheres Left Right Association Commissural Projection Subcortical: Limbic System Emotion; Learning & Memory
Structures Cingulate gyrus Hippocampus Amygdala Thalamus Hypothalamus Mammilary bodies
Olfactory bulbs Fornix ~ Limbic System Cingulate gyrus Hippocampus Fornix Thalamus Hypothalamus
Amygdala Subcortical: Basal Ganglia Extrapyramidal Motor System Caudate Striatum Putamen Lenticular
Globus Pallidus Nucleus Claustrum ~ Caudate Globus pallidus Putamen Forebrain Subcortical Areas
Diencephalon Surrounds 3rd ventricle Thalamus sensory and motor relay nuclei Hypothalamus
motivation & emotion ~ Thalamus Lateral Geniculate Nuclei LGN
vision Medial Geniculate Nuclei MGN audition Ventroposterior Nuclei - VPL & VPM Somatosensation ~ Hypothalamus
4Fs Feeding Fighting fleeing, and ... mating Controls the pituitary gland ~
Thalamus Hypothalamus Pituitary Stalk Mesencephalon Surrounds cerebral aqueduct
Tectum Superior Colliculi - vision Inferior Colliculi - audition Tegmentum ~ Thalamus Tectum Tegmentum Superior
Colliculi Inferior Colliculi Tegmentum
Periaqueductal Gray analgesia Reticular Formation sleep and arousal attention Red Nucleus and Substantia Nigra motor system Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA)
reinforcement ~ Cross-section of Tegmentum PAG Substantia Nigra Ventral Tegmental Area Dorsal
Reticular formation Red Nucleus Metencephalon
Surrounds fourth ventricle Pons Sleep and arousal Reticular formation Cerebellum coordinates movements ~ Myelencephalon
Medulla Vital Centers Reticular formation Pyramids ~ Thalamus Medulla
