Energy Conservation in Thermal Power Station

ENERGY CONSERVATION IN THERMAL POWER STATION Efficiency Improvement Opportunities Average 1.5% increase in effeciency of Thermal Power Plants in India could result in: CO2 reduction: 4.5% per annum (over 10 Millon Ton/ annum) Coal savings: 9 Million tons per annum Coal savings worth Rs. 630 Crore Higher productivity from same resources; equvalent to capacity addition. Lower generation cost per KWh. 1 ENERGY CONSERVATION IN THERMAL POWER STATION ENERGY BALANCE OF 500 MW PLANT UNIT % MW Heat input to boiler 100 1428 Boiler losses

9.5 137 Steam & feed range radiation losses 0.5 7 Condenser loss 52.5 750 TG set Elec. & Mech. Losses 1.5 20 Works Auxiliaries 1 14 Generator output 35 500 2 ENERGY CONSERVATION IN THERMAL POWER STATION EFFICIENCY OF VARIOUS IDEAL CYCLES

Basic Rankine Cycle Cycle with superheat Cycle with reheat Cycle with superheat and feedheating Cycle with reheating and feedbeating Carnot Cycle 41.40% 45.80% 47.50% 52.00% 53.20% 52.10% 3 ENERGY CONSERVATION IN THERMAL POWER STATION ENERGY EFFICIENT MEASURES DURING OPERATION Factors during operation - Turbo-Generator: (1)

Controlling the throttle losses. (2) Optimising condenser performance. (3) Optimising feed heaters performance. (4) Optimising auxiliaries consumption. (5) Reduction in make-up water consumption. 11