Rainy Window - Verona Agriculture

Fish Reproduct ion Reproductive Systems Cartilaginous Fishes Ducts lead from testes and ovaries to cloaca (common passage for

digestive, excretory and reproductive systems) Cloaca leads to the anus Bony & Jawless Fishes Have a urogential

opening (separate opening behind the anus for urine and gametes) Reproductive System Cartilaginous Fish Reproductive System Bony Fish Hermaphrodites

Some fish are hermaphrodites Deep water fish Able to fertilize themselves but usually dont Sequential Hermaphroditism (a.k.a. Sex reversal) individuals begin life as one sex but change into the opposite sex Controlled by sex hormones; triggered by social cues Protandry - starts as male and changes to female Example: Clownfish

Protogyny - starts as female and changes to male Example: Wrasses Sequential Hermaphroditism Reproductive Behavior Adaptations help individuals get together: Migrations Displaying particular colors as sex signals Courtship behavior

Dances Postures Nest building Mating: Release of Gametes Cartilaginous fishes: Copulation (internal fertilization) Claspers used to

deliver sperm into female cloaca Male sharks usually bite and hold female Bony fish: spawn (external fertilization) Spawning can occur in pairs or in large groups

Eggs fertilized in the water column drift as plankton Some species deposit eggs on rocks or grass Some are laid in nests and are guarded Environmental factors trigger production of sex hormones: Spawnin

Daylight Time of spawning is critical g Temperature Spawning controlled by sex hormones Food Environmental factors trigger production of sex hormones: Daylight

Temperature Food Early Development of Bony Fish After a few days of embryo development the eggs hatch into larva (fry) Larva live as plankton

Larva develops into juvenile Juvenile develops into an adult Early Development of Cartilaginous Fishes R e p r o d u c t io n S t y le O v ip a r o u s

O v o v iv ip a r o u s V iv ip a r o u s E m b r y o i s e n c l o s e d in a le a t h e r y e g g c a s e t h a t is r e le a s e d in t o th e w a t e r E g g d e v e lo p s in s id e t h e u t e r u s a n d f e m a le

g i v e s l iv e b i r t h E m b ry o a b s o rb s n u t r ie n t s f r o m m o t h e r a n d g iv e s liv e b ir th M o s t S h a rk s N u rs e S h a rk R a ys

Oviparous Deepsea Cat Shark Ovoviviparous Portuguese Shark Viviparous - Hammerheads Low Oxygen in Coastal Waters Impairs Fish Reproduction Atlantic Croaker

Assignment: Write a short Essay: Use evidence from this article to support your statements Your essay needs to include: Explain how humans are impacting the Atlantic Croaker. Discuss the long term effects of the human impacts Suggest some ways to help the Croakers

Backdrops: www.animationfactory.com - These are full sized backdrops, just scale them up! - Can be Copy-Pasted out of Templates for use anywhere!