Agenda Absolutism Absolutism unlimited power held by
one individual or group Divine Right belief that a ruler received absolute authority directly from God
King Ferdinand of Aragon married Queen Isabella of Castile
Together they conquered Navarre and
Granada and created Spain They had one child
survive to adulthood Juana the Mad
Juana married Philip IV, Duke of Burgundy
Juana and Philip had a son, Charles V Charles had a son,
Philip II He conquered Portugal
Research Groups In your groups, research the monarch youve been assigned. If you only had 1-2 minutes to describe this person to
the class, what would you say? We will present next class. KEEP IT SIMPLE! There will be no time for research next class.
Spain Philip II
Russia Ivan IV (the Terrible) Peter the Great Prussia
Catherine the Great Fredrick the Great England France
Henry VIII Henry IV Mary I (Bloody Mary) Louis XIV
Elizabeth I Spain: Philip II
France: Henry IV
France: Louis XIV England:
Henry VIII England: Mary I
(Bloody Mary) England: Elizabeth I
Prussia: Fredrick the Great
Russia: Ivan the Terrible
Russia: Peter the Great
Russia: Catherine the Great
France The Protestant Reformation caused a civil war in France between Catholics
and Protestants. Henry IV ended the religious wars
in France by giving Protestants the right to have armies and
fortified towns France The absolute monarchy in France was
created by: 1. Destroying the castles and armies of the nobles 2. Giving power over local matters to agents
of the king 3. Nobles were allowed to keep social status and were exempt from taxes
France 4. Protestants could not have fortified towns 5. Protestants could keep religious freedom
England Constitutionalism a system of government in which laws limit the
rulers power Magna Carta A document that limited the power of the king in England
Bill of Rights limited the power of the king in England Parliament legislative body of England
Henry VIII Reflect What are the differences
between the ways kings and queens ruled in France and in England?
Scientific Revolution Scientific Revolution A period in which Europeans began to look for natural laws.
Natural Laws theories that explain how nature works Nicholas Copernicus
Galileo Isaac Newton
William Harvey Robert Hooke
Scientific Method
Marie Lavoisier Enlightenment a period in which Europeans began to look for natural
laws that would apply to human society. Thomas Hobbes
1. Humans are animals that act in their own self-interest 2. We need an absolute monarchy to keep us under control
3. People should do what they are told, THEN government will provide law and order Social Contract an agreement between
government and the people John Locke 1. Humans are good, and will use reason to
find the best solutions to benefit society 2. Every human has the right to life, liberty, and property
3. Democracy is the best form of government 4. Government should provide for the people, THEN people will obey the
government Voltaire 1. freedom of speech
2. freedom of religion 3. separation of church and state Jean Jacques Rousseau
1.People are good, but society corrupts them 2. Property is bad 3. People have the right to overthrow their government
Baron de Montesquieu 1. People are good, but power corrupts them 2. The power of government should be
divided into three branches 3. Every person has rights, regardless of their position in society
Enlightenment ideas influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence
Activity Identify specific Enlightenment ideas in the edited version of the Declaration of Independence.
