Macromolecules Macromolecules Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic acids Macromolecules
Giant molecule Made from thousands or even hundreds of thousands of smaller molecules. Formed by a process known as polymerization Large compounds are built by
joining smaller ones together. Monomers joined together to form polymers Carbohydrates List examples of foods that contain carbohydrates
Function of carbohydrates Carbohydrates Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen 1:2:1 ratio
Carbohydrates Carbohydrates provide living things their main energy source. Monosaccharide Simple
sugar Glucose Fructose Galactose Monosaccharides Disaccharide Simple
sugar Sucrose (table sugar) Polysaccharide Complex carbohydrate Many animals
store excess sugar in the form of a polysaccharide Glycogen (stored in your liver and muscle) Polysaccharide
Plants store their polysaccharide in the form of starch Polysaccharide Cellulose Tough and flexible fibers give plants
much of their strength and rigidity Major component of wood and paper. Food & Nutrients p.971-976
Food: energy and body functions, Calorie=heat needed to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. (1 Tbs, 1 oF), 2200female, 2800male, balanced diet Nutrients: water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins,
vitamins, minerals. Water: Most important, chemical reactions take place in water. 1 liter per day Carbohydrates: energy, sugar=fast energy, starch=slow energy, fiber=not digested Fats: Need essential fatty acids, some vitamins are fat soluble, store energy, saturated=solid=bad, unsaturated=liquid=good, health risk Proteins: growth/repair, control chemical reactions, amino acids, essential amino acids Vitamins and Minerals: help chemical reactions,
vitamins organic, minerals inorganic, not for energy, build body structures Are your CELLS properly Fueled? What is it? Rice Bread Carrots Soda
Pizza Banana Burger What we will be looking at Carbohydrates- energy for cells Saccharides Mono=simple
Poly= starch and glycogen, Cellulose Proteins-biological function Peptide Support, enzymes, movement, hormones Fats- insulations and cell membranes
Lipids Carbs Objective: understand the structure and function of carbs (know the 3 different types of saccarhides and where they are found.) Carbohydrate Lab reports Movie (Nova)
Carbohydrates Common Name Foods Function in body Monomer (Building blocks) Simple Polymer Complex
Elements Shape Calories per Gram Other Facts saccharide (derived from the Greek sakchar, meaning sugar or sweetness Glucose vs. Fructose
Carbohydrates Common Name Foods Function in body Monomer (Building blocks) Simple Polymer
Complex Elements Shape Calories per Gram Other Facts saccharide (derived from the Greek sakchar, meaning sugar or sweetness
Lab Reports Title Question: Hypothesis: Materials: Procedure: Data: Results/Analysis: Conclusion: Carbs- lab
Objective: For students to known that different food contain different types of saccharide, Complex vs simple All sugars not created equal Review Mono
Review Poly LAB ALL SUGARS NOT EQUAL LAB Proteins
Objective: For students to understand that proteins are broken down into Amino acids then put together to form new proteins in the body Proteins notes Testing for proteins Protein Common Name Foods
Function in body Monomer (Building Block) Elements Shape Calories per Gram Other Facts Antibodies - are specialized proteins involved in defending the body from antigens (foreign invaders). Contractile Proteins - are responsible for movement.
Enzymes - are proteins that facilitate biochemical reactions. referred to as catalysts because they speed up chemical reactions. Hormonal Proteins - are messenger proteins which help to coordinate certain bodily activities Structural Proteins - are fibrous and stringy and provide support. Receptor Proteins- receives specific chemical signals from neighboring cells, allows thing in and out of cells Storage Proteins - store amino acids.
Transport Proteins - are carrier proteins which move molecules from one place to another around the body. Protein Common Name Foods Function in body Monomer (Building Block) Elements Shape
Calories per Gram Other Facts Protein Common Name Foods Function in body Monomer (Building Block) Elements
Shape Calories per Gram Other Facts Protein Nutrition Facts Complete Protein All amino acids (animals)
Incomplete Lack essential amino acids (plants) Animal and plant proteins same effect on body Pay attention what comes with the protein Fat or fiber
Protein test GOGGLES MUST BE ON AT ALL TIMES Summary
Cannot just eat a specific protein to have more in the body. Has to break down into AA then rebuild into a new protein. Lipids Objective: Understand the structure and function of lipids. Notes Obesity Discussion
Lipids Common Name Foods Function in body Elements Shape (Triglycerides, phospholipids) Glycerol Fatty acid
Calories per Gram Other Facts Saturated, unsaturated, Bad vs Good Fats Saturated
Un-saturated Lipid Nutrition facts Type is what matters Bad Saturated
Animal fats We make all we need Tans Processed foods, fats food Hydrogenated Good Unsaturated Mono-, poly Improve health Nuts, vegetable oil, seeds
OBESITY WHAT IS IT.. Obesity means having too much body fat. It is not the same as being overweight, which means weighing too much. Cause Obesity is influenced by many other factors, also, including your family history, mental state, the type of work you do, your race, and your environment
Prevention More calories out then in. Healthy eating. Being mentally and physically healthy. Research project Objective: For students to relate the information they have learned about different macromolecule and nutrients that our body needs to every day illnesses.
Apply class information to familiar illnesses Food, Nutrition, Health
Proteins/fats/carbohydrates Protein-energy malnutrition Kwashiorkor
Marasmus Mental retardation[2] [edit] Dietary vitamins and minerals Calcium Osteoporosis Rickets Tetany Iodine deficiency Goiter Selenium deficiency
Keshan disease Eatting disorders
Iron deficiency Iron deficiency anemia
Zinc Growth retardation Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Beriberi Niacin (Vitamin B3) Pellagra Vitamin C Scurvy Vitamin D Osteoporosis Rickets
Obesity Heart Disease Diabetes Monomers and Polymers of Biomolecules Biomolecule p.45-47 Carbohydrate Lipid
Protein Elements Monomer Polymer Cell membrane lab
Wax paper tooth pick Cell membrane Casing for cells Function Properties Marker proteins
Semi-perm Equalimbrium Channels vitiamns
Proteins in by layers tranip Phosolipid Hydrophilic- Head Water Loveing Polar Water soluble
Hydrophobic Try to avoid water Non-polar (insoluble) Bilayer Semi permeable Transport This or that
Macromolecules Monomer: 1 piece Polymer: Many pieces Biomolecules p.45-47 Biomolecule Carbohydrate Lipid Nucleic Acid
Protein Elements Monomer Polymer Monosaccharide Polysaccharides
Monosaccharide Polysaccharides Nucleotide DNA Nucleotide
DNA Amino Acid Glycerol & Fatty Acid Chains Protein Lipid Amino Acid
Glycerol & Fatty Acid Chains Protein Lipid
